Sunday, January 30, 2011

The Unani system of medicine faces many challenges today but it still delivers the goods

The hunt for hostel and paying guest (PG) accommodation for students

if you are looking for affordable and effective medical treatment

Affordable, effective and largely non-intrusive, Unani medicine has takers all across this vast and diverse country. But this ancient and proven panacea for many ailments faces numerous challenges today, not the least of which is the absence of quality research and development.

Says Dr Shams Ul Afaq, former deputy adviser (Unani), Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health: 'No real research work is being done in the field of Unani medicine. The government is providing a lot of funds and assistance but nothing is being done except meeting, eating and cheating. Imitating allopathy is certainly no research.' In the name research, all that is being done is that old books are being reprinted, he laments.

There are other issues that are dogging this traditional system of medicine. Because of patently false publicity, the Unani system is often regarded as a treatment for only sexual disorders. Says Mohsin Dehlvi, managing director of Dehlvi Remedies, which manufactures Unani medicines: 'This image does exist. It is rather sad. Some people are indulging in this sort of propaganda in order to sell their drugs. The fact is that Unani is a wide-ranging medical system.'

But all is certainly not lost. Despite the lack of research and inadequate government support, Unani medicine remains the last word for many Indians seeking safe and inexpensive medical treatment. And it has a cure for a wide array of diseases. For instance, as Dehlvi points out, sugar-free Unani medicine is now available for diabetics. The Unani system enjoys wide acceptance in the subcontinent but has all but disappeared in the West, where it originated. It was Greek philosopher and physician Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.) who laid the foundation of the Unani system of medicine. Unani is derived from the Greek word Ionian. Tibb means medicine. Hence, the Unani Tibb is a Greek system of medicine. It travelled from Greece to Egypt and then to Spain from there it reached Baghdad. In fact, Unani is a synthesis of Greek and Arab systems. The three most important aspects for diagnosis in Unani are nabz (pulse), examination of baul (urine) and baraz (stool).

Arab physicians introduced Unani in India. The system took firm roots and flourished from the 13th to the 17th centuries. It remained extremely popular among the Indian masses even after the fall of the Mughal empire. It, however, suffered a major setback during British rule because of neglet, but it survived the ravages of time largely due to the efforts of the Sharifi family of Delhi, the Azizi family of Lucknow and the Nizams of Hyderabad. Maseeh-ul-Mulk Hakim Ajmal Khan was a scion of the Sharifi family of physicians. He was renowned for miraculous cures. Hakim Ajmal Khan left behind two institutions of considerable promise 'Tibbia College and Jamia Millia Islamia. He vigorously advocated the cause of the Unani and Ayurvedic systems of medicine. He did not regard Unani as a foreign system. In fact, he stressed that these two Indian systems, which had over the centuries served the people well, should continue to be patronised and aloowed to make progress without any hindrance.

Dr Aslam Javed, general secretary of Hakim Ajmal Khan Memorial Society, is optimistic about the future of Unani. Talking to TSI, he says, 'Unani medicine has had such a splendid past. At one point of time it was regarded as the only authentic way of treatment. The system is still as effective and relevant as ever.'

Dr Javed adds: 'Unani was the first rational way of treating any disease. Earlier, people believed that diseases were caused by evil spirits or black magic. So treatment was also black magic. But Greek physician Hippocrates dispelled this belief and talked about the scientific causes of diseases.'

Dr Javed stresses the need to globalise Unani. 'Even today Unani delivers perfect results. He adds, 'In the last two years, about 800 HIV+ cases have tested negative after Unani treatment. Laboratory reports have authenticated these claims. Unani provides 100% results in leucoderma cases as well.' He accepts that Unani takes a bit longer to work but its biggest plus point is that it does not have any side-effects.

Dr Abrar Ahmed, a physician at a nursing home, says, 'Very few BUMS graduates practise Unani medicine as their patients want instant cure. They forget that Unani offers effective treatment for most major ailments.' He points out that in the Unani system, diseases are treated through four distinct therapies. One is Ilaj Bil Tadbir (regimental therapy) which includes cupping, Exercise, steam bath, leeching and diathermy. The second is Ilaj Bil Ghiza (Dieto Therapy) in which the patient is treated through specific diets.

The third is Ilaj Bil Dawa (Pharmaco Therapy) and in this disease is treated by drugs of natural origin like herbs and others. The last is Ilaj Bil Yad (surgery). Though surgery is an integral part of Unani, the authorities have done little in this regard.'

Mohsin Dehlvi tells TSI: 'In the West, no one knows about Unani. These medicines are called herbal supplements. But the demand is growing and the production of Unani medicines is increasing by 15-20 per cent annually.'

Dr. Shams ul Afaq, however, told TSI 'There is no quality Unani medicine available in the market. Earlier, there was no mention of manufacturing or expiry dates on the Unani medicine and even the names of ingredients were not mentioned.' He says the situation is so bad that in Unani it is still being taught that atom cannot be divided though it is an established fact that it can be further divided.

Unani is a system that can work miracles. But a lot of sincere and concerted research work is needed otherwise the future of this traditional system would be very bleak, warns Dr Shams ul Afaq. He says that anybody who is suffering from piles, leucoderma or epilepsy then one should immediately contact a good hakim or Unani doctor because it is only this system that can deliver 100 per cent cure for these diseases. Mohsin Dehlvi

Managing Director, Dehlvi Remedies

Some people indulge in false propaganda in order to sell their drugs. Unani is a wide-ranging medical system and isn't meant only for sexual disorders.

Dr Aslam Javed

General Secretary, Hakim Ajmal Khan Memorial Society

Unani has had such a splendid past. At one point of time it was regarded as the only authentic way of treatment. This system of medicine is still as relevant and effective as ever.

Dr Abrar Ahmed

Physician who runs a Unani clinic of his own

Very few BUMS graduates go on to practise Unani because their patients want instant cure for their diseases. They forget that this system is effective for most ailments.


For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.
IIPM BBA MBA Institute: Student Notice Board
When foreign shores beckon
An array of unconventional career options
A language that divides
Ragging rights and wrongs

Best Colleges for Vocational Courses in India
Indian universities and higher education institutes seem to be caught in a time warp teaching things
Delhi University Students' Union (DUSU): Students' Unions can not be banned

Thursday, January 27, 2011

There is life beyond cancer

Delhi University Students' Union (DUSU): Students' Unions can not be banned

When cancer strikes, panic tends to set in. But the fear psychosis that is associated with the 'dreaded' disease is absolutely unwarranted. Cancer is no longer incurable if a patient reaches the right doctor at the right time. As treatment facilities improve by leaps and bounds in India, cancer specialists armed with state-of-the-art medical technology are increasingly helping patients lead better and longer lives. Cancer isn't the end of the road and public awareness is the key, leading cancer specialist Dr P K Das, Senior Consultant Hematology/Medical Oncology at Apollo Indraprastha Hospital New Delhi, tells TSI in the course of a long conversation touching upon various aspects of the disease.

Cancer is the second largest killer in the country, next only to heart ailments. Why?

In the next few years, India will become the cancer capital of the world. In fact, by 2020, every 12th person in the world will be affected by some kind of cancer. Today, cancer is a lifestyle-related disease. In the past, average life expectancy of was 50-60 years; now it has increased to 80-90 years. Longer lives mean long-term inconsistencies as well. People used to have tobacco, hukka and pan masala in earlier generations also, but cancer cases were low, because fast food, adulterated spices, artificial colours, preservatives, pesticides and carcinogens created by industrial pollution were hardly existent.

What are the different types of cancer?

In India, the most common cancers which affect males are prostate, lungs, mouth, bowel, bladder and stomach while women suffer from cervical, breast and ovarian cancer. Data reveals that tobacco chewing or smoking accounts for 50 per cent of all cancers in men. Among the main causes of cancer in urban women are late marriage and late pregnancies, no breastfeeding, excessive use of birth control pills, which may disrupt balance of hormones, having multiple sex partners and unhealthy sexual behaviour. You would find that women in rural areas are less prone to cancer because they are normally married by age of 18-22 years and become mothers at the age of 20-24 years. They actively breast feed their children and avoid birth control pills. Their lifestyle is relatively normal and their diet is better.

Is it possible to detect cancer in the early stages? What should be done?

Yes, cancer detected and diagnosed at an early stage can save a lot of patients. Preliminary tests need to be done regularly. Late detection and wrong diagnosis can have adverse effect on the outcome of cancer treatment. Consulting the right doctor at the right time is absolutely essential. How prepared are we in India to counter this fast growing epidemic?

We have world class hospitals like Apollo, AIIMS and Tata, and several other large private and government hospitals for cancer treatment. We also have world class doctors and specialists. However, our preparation to counter cancer is grossly inadequate compared to the growth rate of cancer in India. Many well known hospitals do not have dedicated oncology departments. Advanced facilities for cancer treatment are available only in big cities. Imagine, Orissa has only one cancer specialist! We have to enhance our resources for cancer treatment and take it to small cities and towns.

In your view, what should the government do?

The main problem is lack of public awareness, due to which lots of misconceptions about the disease have formed and hence people are scared of it. So, public awareness campaigns should be organised more often. Preliminary investigations of certain cancers are neither expensive nor complex. You just need to do an ENT test for face, nose, including head, throat, pap smear test for women, stool, mamograph and x-rays. Hospitals can give this cancer screening test facilities for Rs 2000 only. The government can facilitate this in district hospitals at a discounted rate of Rs 500-600 only. There are many terminally-ill cancer patients who don't get proper care and treatment and are neglected by their relatives and forced to die a painful death. The government should have palliative care facilities for such patients. Is there any cancer vaccine? What are the new technological advancements available to arrest the spread of cancer?

Normally vaccines are made for diseases that are caused by bacteria or viruses. That is why cancer vaccines are rare. Most women get cervical cancer due to human Papilloma viruses, so there is a vaccine for this type of cancer. And this vaccination is normally given to girls at the early age of 9-12 years. Vaccine for other cancers are being developed. New discoveries have led to better cancer treatment and the disease is not as fatal as it used to be. Targetted treatment in chemotherapy, I.G.R.T in radio therapy have brought revolutionary changes in the treatment of cancer. The cyber knife stereo tactic radio surgery system transmits small beams of radiation into a tumour and minimises healthy tissue's exposure to radiation. Now with a healthy lifestyle and active life, and regular medicines, cancer patients can survive for decades.These newer treatment options have not only added years to life but also life to years. I have numerous such examples in my clinical experience.

If that's the case, why hasn't the fear factor subsided?

Cancer spreads to other parts of the body very fast, and cancer spreading cells can have different impact on different parts of the body. To rectify this problem, medication is also different. Lung and oral cancer or blood cancer affect patients aggressively. End stage patients are given multidisciplinary treatment in cancer ' chemotherapy, surgery radio therapy, making the whole treatment very complicated. The incomplete knowledge, temporary toxicities and the cost of treatment methodologies also lead to unnecessary fears for patient and care givers. The development of insurance coverage and support from the government towards helping the treatment of poor patients would enable more patients to go in for necessary treatment well in time.

Have you personally made any efforts in spreading awareness?

I have been involved in many public awareness campaigns against cancer for over ten years. I make it a point to go to as many cancer awareness programmes as possible, be it in schools, colleges, private companies or NGOs. I have spoken to many hospitals in Punjab and the north-eastern states and done video conferencing with many patients there. I have also authored a book for public awareness. It has 100 FAQs regarding cancer and it is available free of cost.


For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.
IIPM BBA MBA Institute: Student Notice Board
When foreign shores beckon
An array of unconventional career options
A language that divides
Ragging rights and wrongs

Best Colleges for Vocational Courses in India
Indian universities and higher education institutes seem to be caught in a time warp teaching things
The hunt for hostel and paying guest (PG) accommodation for students

Monday, January 24, 2011

A USER-FRIENDLY GUIDE FOR INDIA'S MIDDLE CLASS

Best Colleges for Vocational Courses in India

In tune with Cosmic Oneness

His world came crashing when he heard he had oral cancer. The word cancer spelled doom for the life of 38-year-old aeronautical engineer Ratan Paul. Initial biopsy and MRI confirmed the presence of carcinoma in its initial stage. Most cancer specialists advised amputation of the affected parts. They also said it might relapse. One friend suggested homoeopathy. Most people derided the suggestion. But Ratan decided to give it a try.

Patients around the world face the dilemma as to which system of medicine they should opt for. But a sizeable part of the Indian people believe in alternative healing.

HOMOEOPATHY

Homoeopathy is made up of two Greek words, 'Homois' meaning 'Like' & 'Pathos' meaning 'Suffering' . Homoeopathy is a specialised system of medicine based on the natural law of healing - likes are cured by likes or 'similia similibus curantur'. A substance in a certain form and dose that causes disease-like symptoms when given to a healthy human being may be used to cure the same symptoms in a diseased person. This is the basis of homoeopathic drug proving. Dr Hahnemann, the father of homoeopathy believed that diseases are caused by imbalance of the 'Vital Force' which maintains the mental, physical and moral balance of an individual. Homoeopathy helps in aligning and increasing this 'Vital Force,' thus preventing the diseases from recurring. Dr Indira Pal, BHMS, Calcutta, further stressed upon the facts that a homoeopath does not only look at the pathological and radiological test reports but pays special attention to the individual's symptoms, mental frame, his reaction to cold or heat as well as particular symptoms pertaining to the disease . A homoeopath having a degree in BHMS is trained in all aspects of medicine - anatomy, physiology, surgery, pathology, besides the homoeopathic Materia Medica (collected knowledge about the therapeutic properties of medicines used for healing). Ayurveda

The 5000-year-old system of medicine, Ayurveda is recognised by WHO as a TRM (traditional medicine). Ayurveda is formed by the union of two words 'Ayush' (meaning life) and 'Veda'. The means by which we can know the science of body is Ayurveda. According to Acharya Balkrishnaji of Patanjali Yogpeeth-Divya Yog Mandir (Trust) says, 'Ayurveda is a holistic therapy and unlike other treatments of medicine, do not have any side effects. The basis of any type of healing is yog (union of mind, body, spirit and cosmic forces) and ayurveda only.'

A person facing any kind of problem can first come in the swastha vritta (health circle) of ayurveda. Ayurveda cures by taking care of ahar vihar (food and habits), pathya apathya (edible and non-edible) and dietary regulations.

Acharyaji says not letting a person fall sick is by being nearer to nature. So shodhan kriya (method of purification); langhan, upvas (fasting) are all elementary entities of Ayurvedic system. Three stages of disease are incorporated in the system of ayurveda. Sadya (curable), Kashta sadhya (cure with difficulty), Asadhya (in-curable). 'There are successful cures for deadly diseases like diabetes, heart diseases, cancer. But for AIDS still a lot more research is needed on the same,' says Acharyaji Balkrishnaji.

Reiki

Reiki is an energy healing system based on the philosophy that thoughts have the power to direct energy that shapes the world. Rediscovered by Dr Mikao Usui in the early 20th century, Reiki is made up of two words - '' and 'Ki'. '' means intelligence while 'Ki' denotes life force. Taken together, 'Reiki' is universal energy. Reiki heals by raising the vibrations of the being or object to be healed, closer to that of the Reiki practitioner. Reiki heals a problem at whatever level it may exist i.e., body, mind or spirit. Dr N.K. Sharma, Grand Master, Reiki Healing Foundation, says, 'We receive this energy and we channelise this energy through our palms. If a person increases one's vibrations, then they start receiving the cosmic energy in the body which can then be transmitted to anything or anyone through their hands.' According to Dr Sharma, the master works on you for what is called attunement during the initiation process. They work on the chakras and the aura. When your energy centres have been activated, you start receiving energy. The energy starts to accumulate in your hands and you feel the flowing sensation.

Attunement is unique in Reiki; it's not there in any other healing science, be it allopathy or ayurveda. The energy once activated remains with you for the rest of your lifetime ' you can of course activate it further by applying it to yourself and others. Reiki simply removes the obstructions in your energy channels so that it starts to flow smoothly. Reiki is also not concentration-dependant. You could be watching television at the same time as giving Reiki.Reiki works for various aspects of our life ' relationships, goal achievement, monetary success, memory enhancement etc. Anybody and everybody is eligible for Reiki initiation. Even the worst of outlaws, when they practice/experience Reiki, are often transformed. Those who come in with doubts go back convinced.

Reiki increases positivity, it increases confidence, it activates your psychic powers, it takes you towards spiritual enlightenment ' when you perform Reiki neutrally, you obviously have to connect with the cosmic/spiritual.

Nabarun Banerjee, a filmmaker based in Delhi, says that by undergoing only 1st degree Reiki attunation, he got great relief from his two-year-old acute asthma. Nabarun went on to take 2nd and 3rd degree attunations and has become a Reiki masterhealer. He now enjoys regularly playing polo.

Energy treatment (Bioenergetics):

A more advanced system of alternate healing has originated from the science of bioenergetics. It is more appropriate to classify it as essential medicine. It is known as Energy Treatment.

It adopts applications from other modern science like advanced molecular biology, advanced quantum phRam Devysics, resonance of wave lengths and theory of dissipative structures. It also applies healing techniques from the proven traditional Chinese medicine, and universal command points which regulate energy flows in the body. According to Dr M. Sathiamurthi, specialist, energy medicine and bioenergetics, Energy Treatment scans and measures life energies in your body and finds out the blockages and other defects. It then removes these defects by energy transmissions from natural herbs and healing substances.

Dr Sathiamurthi says that the life energies radiate in the form of electromagnetic wavelengths. Energy Treatment obtains information on the energy discrepancies by quantum physics techniques. It extracts information on your root cause disorders from your body energy fields. That information also contains the clues to healing your disease.

Energy Treatment employs colours too for healing. The appropriate colour wavelength missing in your body is identified and restored by application of a colour filter. As a result, Energy Treatment restores all round health. It restores perfect energetic symmetry by centring all your energy fields. It corrects the defects in your body in all its important functions, systems, glands and organs.

Dr Sathiamurthi gets clues of your deep disorders by Lecher Antenna Scanning. He gets further clues by measuring the energy flows in your 24 energy meridians. He treats you by more than 300 procedures. He does not give any oral medicines or injections. He uses hi-tech instruments like the bioenergetic tester, quantacmos and acmodermill.

When asked about the success rate, Dr Sathiamurthi said, 'Mostly we succeed if the patient comes to us within the critical time. Results vary depending on health factors, genetic and heredity factors, age and extent of illness.'

Naturopathy

Naturopathy, also called nature care, prescribes the 'return to nature' formula for all physical ills. The philosophy working behind it is that left to nature, nature can take care of herself. Naturopathy presents a strong position against the prevention of diseases and stresses on the play of natural defence mechanisms, which are self-curative and self-preventive. According to naturopathy, diseases are physical manifestations of the body's attempt to heal itself, when it falls out of harmony with its environment. Talking to TSI, Dr Salila Tiwari, a naturopath says, 'Naturopathy is an art for healthy living.'

Naturopathy is primarily based on three principles: that the body possesses the power to heal itself through its internal vitality and intelligence; that disease is a manifestation of vital force applying itself to the removal of obstructions to the normal functioning of organs and tissues; that naturopathic cures takes a holistic approach to health. Similar to Ayurveda, naturopathy seeks to stimulate the body's inherent power with the help of the five natural elements'earth, air, fire, ether and water. Naturopathy follows three stages of treatment. In the first stage, diagnosis is done without using invasive techniques such as biopsies as naturopathy stands against surgery and use of drugs. In the second stage, detoxification is done which includes colon irrigation (to cleanse the colon), fasting, massage (to cleanse the skin), deep breathing (to clean the lungs), baths and exercises. The third step includes a new diet with vitamin supplements, herbal compounds or acupuncture. Naturopathy considers the body to be a self-healing being.

Dr Salila says 'In India, almost 10,000 naturopaths are making people aware of this system of healing. There is a big hospital of naturopathy in Pune and we are trying to upgrade the same with modern facilities. We are also running a 33-bed hospital in Uttarakhand.'

In naturopathy, there are definitive cures for diseases like cancer, heart diseases, diabetes and common ailments etc.

Yoga

Exercises helps only at the physical level but for treatment at physical, mental and spiritual level, Yoga is the only way. Swami Ramdev told TSI, 'To reestablish the age old scientific tradition of yoga and Ayurveda, Bharat Swabhiman trust was formed. The campaign was initiated to conserve Indian culture and traditional Indian medicine.' When asked on the emergence of different strands like Power Yoga, etc, Acharya Balkrishnaji replies, 'Yoga vidya is only one. It is based on Maharshi Patanjali Ashtanga Yoga. And that is the only complete Yoga.'

Dr S. Laskar, ex-resident doctor, LNJP Hospital, an allopath, says 'No system of medicine is complete. If allopathy lacks the usage of holistic approach, other systems lack the knowledge of utilising advanced science and technology. He stressed that choosing a system of medicine should be based on the constitution of the individual and also to his ability to respond to any system of medicine.

By the way, the oral cancer of Ratan Paul, mentioned at the start of this article, is responding well to the homoeopathic treatment. His condition has consistently improved. In Bhagwat Gita Krishna says to Arjuna 'Yukaharaviharasya yuktachestasya karmasu. Yuktasvapnavabodhasya yoga bhavati duhkhaha'. It means: 'The one, whose diet and movements are balanced, whose actions are proper, whose hours of sleeping and waking up are regular and who follows the path of meditation is the destroyer of pain or unhappiness'. The message seems relevant even today. Have a great Health!

'Alternative system of medicines do not have any side effect'

Do you believe in the alternative systems of medicine?

See, alternative systems of medicine do not have any side effect. Since there are no chemicals used in these medications and it has been practised in our country for ages, they are safe.

Do you think practitioners of alternative systems can fill this gap of shortage of good medical practitioners ?

Yes, this is an accepted fact that there is a shortage of medical practitioners and the Central Government under the department of 'Ayush' is trying to increase Ayush doctors in villages.

The Supreme Court is not recognising degrees in alternative streams. What is the solution for awareness of alternative systems of medicine?

Yes, this issue is pending for a long time in the court. But there is permission for the practice of alternative systems like Yoga and Reiki which do not have any side effect.


For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.
IIPM BBA MBA Institute: Student Notice Board
When foreign shores beckon
An array of unconventional career options
A language that divides
Ragging rights and wrongs

Indian universities and higher education institutes seem to be caught in a time warp teaching things
Delhi University Students' Union (DUSU): Students' Unions can not be banned
The hunt for hostel and paying guest (PG) accommodation for students

Thursday, January 13, 2011

Cuban Visitors To IIPM (Best BBA Colleges New Delhi / India)

Indian universities and higher education institutes seem to be caught in a time warp teaching things

IIPM B-School was founded by renowned economic visionary Dr. M.K Chaudhuri in the year 1973. It is every student's dream to get admission in IIPM.

On 7th January 2011, IIPM played host to guests from the land of revolution, socialism and Fidel Castro – Cuba. Present for an interactive session with the IIPM students and faculty members, were the Cuban Ambassador to India, His Excellency MIGUEL ANGEL RAMIREZ RAMOS along with Prof. Carlos Alzugaray Treto, a Professor and Researcher at the Center for Hemispheric and United States Studies, University of Havana.

In his introductory speech, Mr Ramos shared with the students India's achievements and shortcomings which he has witnessed over the past 2 decades. Speaking to the students he raised concerns over rising inequality and other socio-economic problems existing in India. Carrying forward the session, Prof. Carlos enlightened the students with an overview on “FUTURE OF SOCIALISM IN CUBA AND CUBA-US RELATIONSHIP.” Prof Carlos, who has over 35 years of service on foreign relations for the Cuban Government and who has won the nation’s Outstanding Professor's Award five times, made the occasion special for the audience. Also present for the lecture were Dr. M K Chaudhuri, Founder Director of IIPM and Mrs. Ratna Chaudhuri, along with senior IIPM members of the likes of Prof Prasoon S Majumdar, Dean- Academics (All India), Prof Jaydip Dutta Gupta, Asst Dean – Academics and Prof Indranil Das, Dean – International Alliances. Most of the students, present for the session were from the first year batch, particularly those who are currently undertaking a special course on National Economic Planning – one of IIPM’s most innovative, intriguing and intellectually stimulating courses.

The highly interactive lecture came to an end with a question and answer session, whereby both the Ambassador and the Professor took turns in answering various queries of students on issues concerning US-Cuban Relationships and India’s role in such foreign relations. There were queries also on how India can adopt Cuban socialism keeping intact its own form of democratic governance.

For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.
IIPM BBA MBA Institute: Student Notice Board
Award Conferred To Irom Chanu Sharmila By IIPM
IIPM Lucknow – News article in Economic Times and Times of India
An array of unconventional career options

Tuesday, January 11, 2011

The great Indian number game

IIPM BBA MBA Institute: Student Notice Board

The UID is expected to change the rules of engagement for the country's impoverished millions. TSI's Tathagata Bhattacharya finds far too many loopholes

In India, inability to prove one's identity has been one of the biggest barriers preventing the poor from accessing benefits and subsidies. However, the public as well as private sector agencies' service model is based on determination of individual identity. But till date, despite several attempts like the PDS Ration Card and the Election ID Card, there remains no nationally accepted and verified identity number that residents and agencies can use with ease and confidence.

As a result, every time an individual tries to access a benefit or a service, they usually undergo a full cycle of identity verification, photocopying of numerous documents, attestation from gazetted officers. Such duplication of effort and identity silos increases overall costs of identification and causes extreme inconvenience to the individual. This approach is especially unfair to India's poor and downtrodden who usually lack identity documentation and find it difficult to meet the costs of multiple verification process. A large number of people in this country simply have no identity ' no birth certificate, no school leaving certificate, etc.

This is the premise on which Manmohan Singh government, in consultation with the Planning Commission, passed an executive order of the Cabinet in January, 2009 to set the ball rolling on India's ambitious Unique Identification project. In the end of July, former boss and co-founder of Infosys Nandan Nilekani was roped in to oversee the project as chairman of the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).

Nilekani is fully aware of the enormity of the task he has been entrusted with. 'It is a humongous and complex task. It is the largest project involving biometrics in the world. We are going to cover 1.2 billion people, pushing the latest technology. This is vital if India is to develop as an inclusive society. Hundreds of millions can't be excluded from social services for the want of identity,' says the majordomo of the project.

It is important to clear all doubts as to what the UID is about and what's it not, what it will contain and what it won't, how will the process run. This is vital to a correct understanding of the project and analysing the benefits it may bring and its drawbacks. 'The mandate of the UIDAI or project Aadhaar (foundation in Sanskrit) is to provide every resident of India a unique 12-digit random identification number. However, this number will only guarantee identity of a person linked to his/her demographic and biometric information and no rights, benefits or entitlements. The UID also will not confer citizenship. 'It will reach you by post in the form of a letter with a perforated attachment which is for keeps,' says Nilekani.

The UIDAI will only collect certain basic demographic and biometric information on the resident. They are i) Name, ii) Date of Birth, iii) Gender, iv)

Father's/Wife's/Guardian's name and UID number (optional for adult residents), v) Mother's/Wife's/Guardian's name and UID number (optional for adult residents),

vi) Introducer's name and UID number (in case of lack of documents), vii) Address and viii) All ten fingerprints, photograph and scans of both the irises.

Existing identity databases in the country are fraught with the problems of fraud and duplicate or ghost beneficiaries. To prevent this from seeping into the UIDAI plans to enrol residents into its database with proper verification of their demographic and biometric information. 'This will ensure that the data collected is clean right from the start of the programme,' says Nilekani.

However, many of the poor and under-served people lack identity documents, many are not even aware of their dates of birth. Nilekani addresses this, 'The UIDAI will ensure that the Know Your Resident (KYR) standards don't become a barrier for enrolling the poor and will devise suitable procedures to ensure their inclusion without compromising the integrity of the data.'

The UIDAI approach hopes to leverage the existing infrastructure of government and private sector agencies across India. 'The UIDAI will be the regulatory authority managing a Central Identities Data Repository (CIDR) which will issue UIDs, update resident information and authenticate the identity of residents as required. A managed service provider chosen from a global tender will store the data in the physical data centre provided by the UIDAI,' says Nilekani.

He continues, 'In addition, the UIDAI will partner with agencies such as Central and state departments, banks, insurance companies, Census of India, cellular operators and other agencies who will be 'registrars for the UIDAI. Registrars will process UID applications and connect to the CIDR to de-duplicate resident information and receive UID numbers. These registrars can either be enrollers or will appoint agencies as enrollers who will interface with people seeking UID numbers. The UIDAI will also partner with service providers for authentication.'

One of the very important things to bear in mind is that the the UIDAI will not issue any card but only allocate a number to an individual. However, Nilekani is quick to add that the UID number can be printed on a card issued by registrars, i.e banks, insurers, etc. Also, enrolment is not manadatory but the UIDAI is hopeful that the benefits and services linked to the UID will ensure demand for the number.

'The UIDAI will offer a strong form of online authentication where agencies can compare demographic and biometric information of the resident with the record stored in the Central database. The authority will support registrars and agencies in adopting the UID authentication process and will help define the infrastructure and processes they need,' says Nilekani. He adds that the first phase of the project in which 60 crore Indians will be covered will cost a maximum of Rs 25,000 crore in its first five years. It is being said that the entire process will cost the country's exchequer upwards of Rs 1,00,000 crore when fully implemented and running. Technology systems will have a major role across the UIDAI infrastructure. The UID database will stored on a central server. Enrolment of the resident will be computerised and information exchange between registrars and the CIDR will be over a secure network. Authentication of the resident will be online.

Dr Saeed Ahmed, director, Human DNA Bank, Biotechnology Park, Lucknow, established the world's second DNA bank (the first and only other being the Federal Bureau of Investigation's DNA database) on June 8, 2008. He rubbishes the very scientific basis of India's UID project.

'The purpose of a comprehensive UID project should be to identify a person, alive, dead or unconscious. That is where first and foremost, the UID project fails miserably. After a person's death, iris scan becomes ineffective. After Rigor Mortis sets in, even fingerprinting is not possible. In case of burn deaths or rotting of body in water, it will become impossible to ascertain the identity of the person. The only solution is in developing a DNA data bank which is the most comprehensive identity parameter,' says Dr Ahmed.

'The irises of individuals suffering from chronic glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes and retinopathy changes periodically. How is the UIDAI going to factor in these changes,' he asks.

'Secondly, leaving the DNA identification process, the amount being quoted for the project is astronomical. In fact, I am prompted to call this a scam of biblical proportions. There is no way the entire process, as it is now, can cost upwards of Rs 10 per person which brings us to the figure of Rs 1200 crore. And it should not take more than three years to complete it as well. If you take gene mapping into account then the cost per person will work out to Rs 130. Even then, the total cost can't exceed Rs 15,600 crore. Trust me, I am working in this field for about 20 years now,' Dr Saeed laments.

The scientific and cost aspects aside, the Centre's UID project has come in for major criticism from civil liberties and human rights activists too.

Human right activist and member, Citizens Forum for Civil Liberties, Gopal Krishna says that the Unique Identification Number project is a gross violation of fundamental human rights. He points out that a similar project in the United Kingdom is going to be cancelled soon after a parliamentary repeal.

'The very first bill that is to be presented by the UK's new coalition government in the British Parliament is to repeal its Identity Cards Act 2006 even as Government of India has chosen to give approval to Unique Identification Number project that threatens citizens' privacy. Clearly, what is poisonous for civil liberties in the UK cannot become non-poisonous in India. How is it that two democracies deal with the issue of ungovernable breaches of privacy differently? While the government in UK is proactive in protecting the privacy of its citizens, the Government of India is ridiculing the very idea of privacy and civil liberties,' Krishna says. History is witness to the fact that organised information on citizens, residents, ethnic groups has been used as an instrument of social and political control. It has been used as a weapon in war and has been used to target specific population groups. Adolf Hitler's National Socialist government in Germany launched the first identification drive in the modern world. Even before that, Europe has had identities accorded to people primarily for two reasons ' conscription and Church levies ' right from the medieval times. Hitler's Germany gave the responsibility of the population mapping exercise to International Business Machines (IBM) who also devised the punch card and slot machine. Both would be used by the Nazis to target, segregate, ghettoise, deport and exterminate Jews, communists and other political rivals. Now, is there any guarantee that a reactionary and autocratic government, if and when it comes to power, will not make use of the information to identify, frame and neutralise political opponents, rights activists and everybody else who threatens the regime? An IBM Hollerith D-11 card sorting machine, used for the census of 1933 that first identified the Jews, still stands at At the United States Holocaust Museum in Washington DC as a grim reminder of the perils of organised information falling in wrong hands.

There are already strong allegations that LPG connection documents, Income Tax and Sales Tax documents were used by rioters in 2002 to target households and commercial establishments belonging to individuals from a certain minority community in Gujarat. Now one can only shudder and think as to what will become if some registrar will pass the data collected for the UIDAI project on to miscreants.

'Unmindful of the lessons from Germany in particular and Europe in general, advancing the argument of targeting, it has been claimed on the floor of Parliament by the finance minister while presenting the 2010-11 Union Budget that the UID project 'would provide an effective platform for financial inclusion and targeted subsidy payments,' the same targeting measures can also be used with vindictive motives against citizens of certain religion, caste and ethnicity or region or towards a section of society due to economic resentment,' says Krishna.

Krishna adds, 'The government is feigning ignorance about the democratic movement against such efforts. In India too, there is a robust case against rejecting what has been rejected in the UK. The UID project is a blatant case of infringement of civil liberties. The government's identification exercise follows the path of the Information Technology Act 2000 that was enacted in the absence of no data or privacy protection legislation.'

Strangely, the finance minister and the project Aadhaar chief refer to financial inclusion and not economic inclusion of the poor. What propagators of the UID campaign have failed to drive home is how it is going to benefit the poorest of the poor and usher in progress of those at the peripheries of the development paradigm. It is an identification exercise and guarantees no rights, subsidies or entitlements. In a country where a BPL Card is also not enough ground for allocation of National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) work, it is hard to see how a Unique Identification Number will make any difference. It can at best be used as a planning tool but even then a direct survey will have to be conducted to see if benefits have reached the intended beneficiaries. Now there is no reason why such a survey can't be conducted on the sample space drawn on issuance of PDS Ration Cards and BPL Cards by the very issuing agencies. After all, the same agencies will be used as registrars by the UIDAI. So what difference will the allocation of a number make and that too at a cost of thousands and thousands of crores of public money? Another aspect of the Unique Identification project is that it does not have sanction of the Indian Parliament. It is learnt that a draft legislation has been prepared which will be presented in Parliament, subject to Cabinet approval.

All in all, the UID project surely will make life, i.e procurement of passports, LPG connections, opening of bank accounts, easy for India's upper and middle classes. However, it does not seem to be cost-effective. It compromises democratic principles of civil liberties and pays little heed to privacy concerns. The way the UID, it seems, would be linked to passport, bank accounts, credit cards, tax documents, the information will load the government with enormous power to control lives and dissent. When asked how ethical is it for him to head a project for which Infosys will also definitely bid, Nilekani said, 'I am not involved in the procurement process or in selecting suppliers. There is a transparent and well-established mechanism and suppliers will be identified through a global tender.' Though this rules out his direct intervention, there is no point denying that his presence at the helm of affairs can very well influence the decision making process.

Risks that arise from centralisation of data include possible errors in the collection of information, recording of inaccurate data, corruption of data from anonymous sources and unauthorised access to or disclosure of personal information by unscrupulous elements. Other countries with national identification systems have confronted numerous problems with similar risks such as trading and selling of information. India, which has no established data protection laws such as the United States Federal Privacy Statute or the European Directive on Data Protection, is ill-equipped to deal with such problems.

The UIDAI, in its publication titled UIDAI Strategy Overview, says, 'The UIDAI will not share resident data.' But under the same paragraph, it says, 'The agencies may store the information of residents they enrol if they are authorized to do so, but they will not have access to the information in the UID database.' Since the UIDAI will also appoint private banks, insurance companies, telecom operators as its agencies, one can just imagine the security risk that personal information will be exposed to. Nilekani says, 'The basis for adopting the UID model is developmental.' However, this logic falls flat in the face of the government's actions on the ground. The Centre allocates Rs 10,000 crore for a new airport and Rs 40,000 crore for Commonwealth Games; it writes off Rs 60,000 crore lost in the spectrum scam. The current Union budget has made provisions to write off Rs 5,00,000 crore for the super-rich and corporate houses. However, universalisation of PDS which can come at a fraction of these write-offs is never on the cards.

May be the Unique Identification project should be better understood in the context of the Union Finance Minister's words after delivering the last Union Budget speech. On February 26, 2010, Pranab Mukherjee told Parliament, 'With development and economic reforms, the focus of economic activity has shifted towards the non-governmental actors, bringing into sharper focus the role of Government as an enabler. An enabling Government does not try to deliver directly to the citizens everything that they need. Instead it creates an enabling ethos so that individual enterprise and creativity can flourish.'

The UID project is also an extension of this philosophy where the government takes a backseat, creating an enabling atmosphere for a corporate takeover.

The writer met UIDAI chairman Nandan Nilekani for an interview. Some parts of that interview have been used to substantiate this article.

For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.
Award Conferred To Irom Chanu Sharmila By IIPM
IIPM Lucknow – News article in Economic Times and Times of India
Prof Rajita Chaudhuri follow some off-beat trends like organizing make up sessions

Sunday, January 9, 2011

Henry Miller to Ana's Nin


Prof Rajita Chaudhuri follow some off-beat trends like organizing make up sessions

American author Henry Miller was a major literary force in the late 1950s largely because his two most important novels, prohibited from publication and sale in the United States for many years, tested Federal laws concerning art and pornography. In his later years Miller was admired mainly for his role as prophet and visionary. Denouncing the empty materialism of modern existence, he called for a new religion of body and spirit based upon the ideas of Friedrich Nietzsche, Walt Whitman, and D. H. Lawrence. In the following letter, Miller talks about his travels across Tropic of Cancer.

Henry MillerJanuary 22, 1933,

Tropic of Cancer

Dear Ana's

Caf' nights! Room too cold, fingers freeze. Halfway thru the last insertion for Tropic of Cancer. Got drunk on it. Tonight, reading `Samuel` Putnam's Rabelais, I see so many points of correspondence'amazing. His chapter on Fran'ois' first visit to Paris interests me terribly'the song of the streets again. And Putnam anticipates me when he says: 'But Paris, despite the changes, always remains the same.' I have always had a hankering to someday cover the trajectory of a few great men'like Hannibal, Alexander, Caesar, Napoleon, Genghis Khan'and now Rabelais' looks good to me. In fact, at Dijon, I got the authentic flavor of those cities from the students'the very names of the cities are familiar to me and mean things. Just think'it was at 54 St. Andr' des Arts, Paris, that Rabelais lived for a while (the former Hotel St. Denis). And it was only a stone's throw away, on this very street, that I sold my clothes for a song to a Jewish merchant. Great street. And at La Rochelle, where Osborn went with Jeanne, Rabelais sojourned and was fascinated by the sights'it was then second to Lyons in size, a great commercial port. Also'Rabelais has strong words to say about the institutions of learning, their physical aspect, the rotten eggs they served and the lice in the rooms. (Dijon!) It was at Avignon he had a fling with a woman'then a loose city. And, did I ever say how fascinated I was by this city, when I stopped there'that little square opposite Palais du Pape'and the monastery outside the city where once the monks made Chartreuse. And, back in Paris, Rabelais even knew the Vanves district! Interesting is the difference 2 centuries made in Paris'between Villon's time and Rabelais'. Does this interest you?

Incidentally I took the wrong portfolio the other day. Brought back Tropic of Capricorn'so those pages I took out do belong herein. If you come to Clichy in a day or two, will you bring the other along?

More dreams. Falling behind on the records.

Everything is well. I see that 2nd book [Black Spring] falling quickly into line. I'm going to fall on it and assassinate it. Wasted too much time on it already. Dostoevski weather, eh? We bought a marmite and made a wonderful pot-au-feu which lasted two days. Fills you marvelously. I love it. We'll make it for you someday.

At rue St. Honor' I saw a picture in window one night (store closed) that I am going to look at again. Has an astrological aspect. If you are in that region, notice it. I have you in mind'it was pretty dark and I couldn't well make it out.

Will be having my corduroy coat tomorrow'altered as per suggestion. I love it. Jesus, when I put on my glad rags now I don't recognize myself any more. Everywhere I look I see a me that you have made. You inhabit the walls. Bought 2 fine big sheets of white paper and pinned them to the wall. Watch them burgeon! Anything may develop there from. I realize more and more that I am leading an interior life. Nothing outside excites me very much anymore. I walk along with thoughts, always a little 'en retard.'

Your letter'yes, that was precisely it. But don't over-elaborate! Nevertheless, raise the roof.

Thursday, January 6, 2011

Fascinated by the high moral standards of the common American,

Shahid Husain wonders what happens to those standards when it comes to dealing with the developing world

On Thursday I went to Maryland to meet my friend Aziz Sanghur who was on a visit to the US for training in film-making. He called me and said: 'Yeh mulk to dozak hey (This country is hell!).' His visit was sponsored by the US Embassy in Pakistan and he was living in a posh hotel in Silver Spring, Marryland.

Sanghur is a Baloch and fond of women. I asked him why that country was hell. He said, 'Ye hamein HIV par film dikha rahe hein (They are showing us films on HIV).' I replied: 'Tumhey dara rahey hongey (They must be trying to scare you).'

I differed with him and said ordinary American folk are simple and cooperative and love their country.

We had good time in his room. Then we went for lunch. Aziz took me to a nearby food street bustling with activity. We went to an Iranian caf' and he ordered kebab and naan.

'In Karachi you are always my host. Today, I will be your host,' he said. One could smoke in the food street although it's prohibited elsewhere, even in houses. One has to go outside if one has to smoke and one is looked with piercing eyes if one smokes. We also went to a bookshop displaying wonderful books but despite temptation, I did not buy a book. I wanted to save substantial money.

In the evening, when I returned to Huntington subway, I was pleased to see that ordinary Americans respect their soldiers. People were waiting for bus and amongst them was an air force guy in full uniform. He was smart but limping. Perhaps, he got injured in the 'war on terror.' Everybody here makes a queue but people, including women, asked the air force guy to ride the bus first.

I was pleased but wondered why the American government and its generals and statesmen tried to impose their will on the poor nations of the world? Why it's a different ballgame in other countries? Why they dictate their terms to countries such as Pakistan and India?

In November, President Obama will be visiting India and in all likelihood it will make Pakistani establishment scary. There would be articles and analyses in Pakistani newspapers and TV channels with lots of speculation and once again the peace process between the two neighbours would be derailed. Why is it so that the Americans looked the other way when India and Pakistan were making a N-bomb and now have become champions of peace between the two countries? The reason is very obvious: They want Pakistan army to fully concentrate on the 'war on terror.' While I was sitting in Sanghur's room in the hotel, CNN was beaming news about a meeting between the Russian president and President Obama. The Russian president didn't look as smart as Obama.

Top newspapers such as Los Angeles Times and the Guardian were also analysing dismissal of US commander in Afghanistan because he was disrespectful towards the civilian leadership, including President Obama. Will civilian rule in Pakistan ever become as powerful and stable as in America, I thought.

I also recalled my days (1973-1980) at the Soviet Press and Information, Karachi. My father, a thorough professional, a person who graduated from the prestigious Forest College of Dehradun, India, was sacked by the Z.A. Bhutto government without assigning any reason and I had to look for a job.

Eminent Pakistani historian and anthropologist, the late Syed Sibte Hasan called me and wrote a recommendation letter to the then consul at the Soviet Press and Information Department and asked me to go there. Hasan was also the president of Pak-Soviet Friendship Society.

'Very strong recommendation,' murmured Blinov after reading Hasan's letter. 'Mr. Husain this is a place for retired people. You will be in trouble when you leave this job,' he told me. Then he said he would call me when there was a vacancy. I was disappointed.

I got a job in a private bank but was not happy. After about three months, Blinov called me and asked me to write something. It was a test of sorts. I used to read a lot in those days. I wrote an article on international labour movement and was hired for Rs600 per month. My article was published as a cover story in left-wing weekly Al-Fateh. I didn't even know at that time what was meant by a cover story.

The very next day Blinov called me in his office and asked me how I got the story published in weekly Al-Fateh since it was a pro-Chinese magazine and deadly against Soviet Union.

I replied that I had given my article to the editor of Al-Fateh, Shaukat Siddiqui, who published it. My salary was raised to Rs 800. In 1974 when Blinov's term was over and he was given a reception at Sindh Club by the then consul general, Volkov, I was also invited. 'He is my son!' said Blinov while introducing me to Volkov. 'Are you a student?' asked the tall and handsome Volkov. 'I am an editor!' I replied with a sense of pride. Somebody told me that Blinov died of a heart attack when he was the Ambassador to Egypt.

How strange! I am recollecting these memories in a country against which I wrote all my life!

An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri and Arindam chaudhuri (Renowned Management Guru and Economist).

For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.
IIPM BBA MBA Institute: Student Notice Board
Run after passion and not money, says Arindam Chaudhuri
Award Conferred To Irom Chanu Sharmila By IIPM
Prof Rajita Chaudhuri follow some off-beat trends like organizing make up sessions
IIPM Prof Rajita Chaudhuri's Snaps