IIPM INTERNATIONAL - NEW DELHI, GURGAON & NOIDA
The fluidity of the Hofstad Netwerk has created problems for Dutch prosecutors. The first few trials succeeded in convicting some members as belonging to a terrorist organisation as they met regularly. But at later trials, when defendants faced more serious charges, problems emerged. In January, a Dutch appeals court threw out the convictions of seven men for being part of the Hofstad since “no structured cooperation (had) been established.” It’s hard to convict suspects who rarely meet face to face and whose cause has no formal organisation.
The perpetrators of the Madrid bombings in March 2004 are another example. They were an unlikely network of young immigrants who came together in haphazard ways. Some had been lifelong friends from their barrio in Tetouan, Morocco, and eventually came to run one of the most successful drug networks in Madrid, selling hashish and ecstasy. Their informal leader, Jamal Ahmidan, a 33-year-old high school dropout who liked to chase women, wavered between pointless criminality and redemptive religion. When he was released from a Moroccan jail in 2003 after serving three years for an alleged homicide, he became increasingly obsessed with the war in Iraq. He linked up with Tunisian-born Sarhane Ben Abdelmajid Fakhet, who had moved to Madrid to get his doctorate in economics. They were part of a loose network of foreign Muslims in Spain who spent time together after soccer games and mosque prayers. They later masterminded the Madrid bombings, the deadliest Islamist terror attack on European soil. As Spanish authorities closed in on them several weeks later, Fakhet, Ahmidan, and several accomplices blew themselves up. Try as they may, Spanish authorities have never found any direct connection between the Madrid bombers and international al Qaeda networks. The 2007 trials concluded that the bombings were inspired by al Qaeda, but not directed by it.
In June 2006, Canadian security forces conducted a series of raids against two clusters of young people in and around Toronto. The youths they apprehended were mostly second-generation Canadians in their late teens or early 20s and from secular, middle-class households. They were accused of planning large-scale terrorist attacks in Toronto and Ottawa, and when arrested, they had already purchased vast quantities of bomb-making materials. The core members were close friends from early high school years, when they had formed a “Religious Awareness Club,” which met during lunch hours at school. They also created an online forum to share their views.
An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri and Arindam chaudhuri (Renowned Management Guru and Economist).
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