Saturday, April 30, 2011

Adolescents taking a step too early

Anna Hazare: My Prime Minister

A school teacher in a prestigious school in Delhi was shocked when she accidentally discovered pornographic books in the schoolbag of a class six student. The parents of the child were completely ignorant about their son's adolescent adventures. Recently a 16-year-old girl was brought to our OPD in a state of panic. After repeated assurances and counselling, she said that she was pregnant. She was in a relationship with one of her classmates. Few years ago, only married couples would come into our clinics looking for advice on sexual problems. Today, young boys and girls walk in and ask about methods to enhance sexual powers. Teenagers have been sexually active before. What is new is that young children are getting involved in sexual activities. Urban Indian school children are growing up in a sexually charged atmosphere these days.

In 2002, an international survey was conducted in order to study the sexual behaviour of teenagers. The prevalence of sexually experienced 15 year olds ranged between 28 per cent and 47 per cent in boys and between 10 and 30 per cent in girls. The same survey found that while 27 per cent were involved in sexual activities, eight per cent had had a casual sexual relationship. In India, there is growing evidence that adolescents are becoming more sexually active. In urban areas, about 25 per cent of teenage girls have had sexual intercourse while in rural areas the figure hovers above the 20 per cent mark.

In our hospital, we found out that among girls whose friends were having a physical relationship with a boy, 70 per cent to 80 per cent were engaging in the same behaviour. Only 20 per cent of the girls whose friends were not having a physical relationship had one themselves. It appears that teenage sexual encounters are increasingly taking place outside the ambit of romantic relationships, in a purely sexual context. A teenager's decision to initiate sexual activity is complex and is predicated on a number of factors including physical growth and development, peer group values, media influences, rebellion and dealing with frustration and failures. The other factors that are associated with early sexual activity in teenagers include absence of supportive parenting, history of sexual abuse and indulgence in high risk behaviour. Teen sexuality is being influenced by the mass media now. Television, Internet music videos, sexually explicit lyrics all contribute to adolescents' attitude and behaviour towards sexuality. The Internet provides teens with seemingly unlimited access to information on sex as well as people willing to talk about sex. Sexual content is being regularly marketed to children, preteens and teens. Most entertainment programmes have sexual connotations ranging from bawdy jokes to raunchy dance moves. Teenagers who watch more of sexually explicit content on TV are twice as likely to engage in sexual activities than the ones who do not.

In fact pornography is directly related to sexual abuse, rape, sexual violence and sexual deviancy. Many parents avoid discussing anything to do with sex with their children. Parents should discuss sexuality with their children that is consistent with the values and belief of the family and should also ensure that their own behaviour observed by the teens is appropriate.

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